In through-hole technology (THT), components are inserted into pre-drilled holes on the PCB and soldered into place on the opposite side. It remains the classic PCB assembly method for certain applications. Ideal for industrial control switches and high-voltage power supplies, THT offers exceptional mechanical bond strength, ease of repair, and high-heat tolerance.

Surface-mount technology (SMT) involves direct mounting of components on top of of the PCB using solder paste. SMT PCB assembly is the current industry standard for almost all consumer electronics due to the demand for miniaturization and high power density. Offering high component density, automated production, and a lower cost for mass production, SMT has revolutionized electronics by allowing for smaller, lighter, and faster assemblies.